You are an expert evaluator of machine translation systems.

You will find 5 documents below. One in the original English, followed by 4 translations into Chinese.

Your tasks:

### 1. Evaluate each translation independently across the following:

- Fluency and naturalness
- Faithfulness to the original meaning
- Terminological consistency
- Preservation of tone and rhetorical intent
- Formatting and coherence at paragraph level

### 2. Compare them against each other, noting clear strengths/weaknesses.

- Which is most accurate?
- Which preserves tone best?
- Which one you'd consider publishable with minimal editing?

### 3. Rank the four translations from best to worst overall.

Please assign a rank (1 = best, 4 = weakest) based on the overall quality of each translation considering all the criteria above. Briefly justify your ranking for each, focusing on real-world usability — e.g., which would be most suitable for publication, which would require the least human editing, and which may be misleading or confusing to the reader.

Do not guess which system produced which translation — focus solely on the content. Explain your reasoning clearly for a general audience. Respond in English. 

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# ORIGINAL

<paste_original_here>

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# TRANSLATION 1 

<paste_translation_here>

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# TRANSLATION 2

<paste_translation_here>

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# TRANSLATION 3

<paste_translation_here>

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# TRANSLATION 4

<paste_translation_here>